Voice-Past Tense

Voice-Past Tense : Indefinite,Continuous,Perfect,Perfect-continuous.

Voice - Past Tense

Indefinite Tense

Affirmative Sentence -

Rule 1 :- Singular subject के साथ Helping verb: was; Plural subject के साथ were का प्रयोग किया जाता है.

Rule 2 :- Active voice से Passive voice बनाने के लिए Subject को Object तथा Object को Subject बना कर लिखते है, उसके पश्चात verb को Passive voice में लिखकर Object से पहले by का प्रयोग करते है –

Syntax :- Object (as subject) + was/were + Main verb_III + by + Subject (as object).

• A.V.   I wrote a letter.
• P.V.   A letter was written by me.
• A.V.   He sang a song.
• P.V.   A song was sung by him.
• A.V.   He wrote books.
• P.V.   Books were written by him.
• A.V.   You followed me.
• P.V.   I was followed by you.

Negative Sentence –

Rule 1 :- जब Active voice के वाक्य में not का प्रयोग हो तो Passive voice बनाते समय not को Helping verb के तुरंत पश्चात ही लिखते है -

Syntax :- Object (as subject) + was/were + not + Main verb_III + by + Subject (as object).

• A.V.   I did not write a letter.
• P.V.   A letter was not written by me.
• A.V.   He did not sing a song.
• P.V.   A song was not sung by him.
• A.V.   He did not write books.
• P.V.   Books were not written by him.
• A.V.   You did not follow me.
• P.V.   I was not followed by you.

Interrogative Sentence –

Rule 1 :- जब Active voice का वाक्य Interrogative हो तथा वाक्य Helping Verb से शुरू हो, तो उसे Passive voice बनाने के लिए –

(i) Interrogative: Active voice को Simple Active voice में बदल देते है.

(ii) अब Simple Active voice को Simple Passive voice में लिखते है.

(iii) इसके बाद Interrogative Passive voice बनाने के लिए Helping verb शुरू में लिख देते है.

Syntax :- Was/Were + Object (as subject) + Main verb_III + by + Subject (as object)?

Syntax :- Was/Were + Object (as subject) + not + Main verb_III + by + Subject (as object)?

• I.A.V.   Did you eat a mango daily?
• S.A.V.   You ate a mango daily.
• S.P.V.   A mango was eaten by you daily.
• I.P.V.   Was a mango eaten by you daily?
• I.A.V.   Did you read a novel?
• I.P.V.   Was a novel read by you?
• I.A.V.   Did he not write books?
• I.P.V.   Were books not written by him?
• I.A.V.   Did you not follow me?
• I.P.V.   Was I not followed by you?

Rule 2 :- जब Active voice का वाक्य Wh-words (What, Where, How, Why, When) से शुरू होता है तो वाक्य का Passive voice बनाने के लिए वाक्य को Wh-word से ही शुरू करते है, उसके पश्चात Rule-1 के अनुसार परिवर्तन करते है-

Syntax :- Wh-word + was/were + Object (as subject) + Main verb_III + by + Subject (as object)?

Syntax :- Wh-word + was/were + Object (as subject) + not + Main verb_III + by + Subject (as object)?

• I.A.V.   Where did they see the Taj mahal?
• I.P.V.   Where was the Taj mahal seen by them?
• I.A.V.   Why did you achieve a bird?
• I.P.V.   Why was a bird achieved by you?
• I.A.V.   Why did I not write a letter?
• I.P.V.   Why was a letter not written by me?
• I.A.V.   Why did he not sing a song?
• I.P.V.   Why was a song not sung by him?

Continuous Tense

Affirmative Sentence –

Rule 1 :- Singular subject के साथ Helping verb: was; Plural subject के साथ were का प्रयोग किया जाता है, उसके बाद being लिखा जाता है.

Rule 2 :- Active voice से Passive voice बनाने के लिए Subject को Object तथा Object को Subject बना कर लिखते है, उसके पश्चात verb को Passive voice में लिखकर Object से पहले by का प्रयोग करते है –

Syntax :- Object (as subject) + was/were + being + Main verb_III + by + Subject (as object).

• A.V.   I was writing a letter.
• P.V.   A letter was being written by me.
• A.V.   He was singing a song.
• P.V.   A song was being sung by him.
• A.V.   He was writing books.
• P.V.   Books were being written by him.
• A.V.   You were following me.
• P.V.   I was being followed by you.

Negative Sentence –

Rule 1 :- जब Active voice के वाक्य में not का प्रयोग हो तो Passive voice बनाते समय not को Helping verb के तुरंत पश्चात ही लिखते है उसके बाद being लिखते है -

Syntax :- Object (as subject) + was/were + not + being + Main verb_III + by + Subject (as object).

• A.V.   I was not writing a letter.
• P.V.   A letter was not being written by me.
• A.V.   He was not singing a song.
• P.V.   A song was not being sung by him.
• A.V.   He was not writing books.
• P.V.   Books were not being written by him.
• A.V.   You were not following me.
• P.V.   I was not being followed by you.

Interrogative Sentence –

Rule 1 :- जब Active voice का वाक्य Interrogative हो तथा वाक्य Helping Verb से शुरू हो, तो उसे Passive voice बनाने के लिए –

(i) Interrogative: Active voice को Simple Active voice में बदल देते है.

(ii) अब Simple Active voice को Simple Passive voice में लिखते है.

(iii) इसके बाद Interrogative Passive voice बनाने के लिए Helping verb शुरू में लिख देते है.

(iv) उसके बाद Object (as subject) + being या not being लिखते है -

Syntax :- Was/Were + Object (as subject) + being + Main verb_III + by + Subject (as object)?

Syntax :- Was/Were + Object (as subject) + not + being + Main verb_III + by + Subject (as object)?

• I.A.V.   Were you eating a mango daily?
• S.A.V.   You were eating a mango daily.
• S.P.V.   A mango was being eaten by you daily.
• I.P.V.   Was a mango being eaten by you daily?
• I.A.V.   Were you reading a novel?
• I.P.V.   Was a novel being read by you?
• I.A.V.   Was he not writing books?
• I.P.V.   Were books not being written by him?
• I.A.V.   Were you not following me?
• I.P.V.   Was I not being followed by you?

Rule 2 :- जब Active voice का वाक्य Wh-words (What, Where, How, Why, When) से शुरू होता है तो वाक्य का Passive voice बनाने के लिए वाक्य को Wh-word से ही शुरू करते है, उसके पश्चात Rule-1 के अनुसार परिवर्तन करते है-

Syntax :- Wh-word + was/were + Object (as subject) + being + Main verb_III + by + Subject (as object)?

Syntax :- Wh-word + was/were + Object (as subject) + not + being + Main verb_III + by + Subject (as object)?

• I.A.V.   Where were they seeing the Taj mahal?
• I.P.V.   Where was the Taj mahal being seen by them?
• I.A.V.   Why were you achieving a bird?
• I.P.V.   Why was a bird being achieved by you?
• I.A.V.   Why was I not writing a letter?
• I.P.V.   Why was a letter not being written by me?
• I.A.V.   Why was he not singing a song?
• I.P.V.   Why was a song not being sung by him?

Perfect Tense

Affirmative Sentence -

Rule 1 :- Singular subject तथा Plural subject दोनों के साथ Helping verb : had ; उसके बाद been का प्रयोग किया जाता है.

Rule 2 :- Active voice से Passive voice बनाने के लिए Subject को Object तथा Object को Subject बना कर लिखते है, उसके पश्चात verb को Passive voice में लिखकर Object से पहले by का प्रयोग करते है –

Syntax :- Object (as subject) + had + been + Main verb_III + by + Subject (as object).

• A.V.   I had written a letter.
• P.V.   A letter had been written by me.
• A.V.   He had sung a song.
• P.V.   A song had been sung by him.
• A.V.   He had written books.                       
• P.V.   Books had been written by him.
• A.V.   You had followed me.
• P.V.   I had been followed by you.

Negative Sentence –

Rule 1 :- जब Active voice के वाक्य में not का प्रयोग हो तो Passive voice बनाते समय not को Helping verb के तुरंत पश्चात ही लिखते है -

Syntax :- Object (as subject) + had + been + not + Main verb_III + by + Subject (as object).

• A.V.   I had not written a letter.
• P.V.   A letter had not been written by me.
• A.V.   He had not sung a song.
• P.V.   A song had not been sung by him.
• A.V.   He had not written books.
• P.V.   Books had not been written by him.
• A.V.   You had not followed me.
• P.V.   I had not been followed by you.

Interrogative Sentence –

Rule 1 :- जब Active voice का वाक्य Interrogative हो तथा वाक्य Helping Verb से शुरू हो, तो उसे Passive voice बनाने के लिए –

(i) Interrogative: Active voice को Simple Active voice में बदल देते है.

(ii) अब Simple Active voice को Simple Passive voice में लिखते है.

(iii) इसके बाद Interrogative Passive voice बनाने के लिए Helping verb शुरू में लिख देते है.

(iv) उसके बाद Object (as subject) + been या not been लिखते है -

Syntax :- Had + Object (as subject) + been + Main verb_III + by + Subject (as object)?

Syntax :- Had + Object (as subject) + not + been + Main verb_III + by + Subject (as object)?

• I.A.V.   Had you eaten a mango daily?
• S.A.V.   You had eaten a mango daily.
• S.P.V.   A mango had been eaten by you daily.
• I.P.V.   Had a mango been eaten by you daily?
• I.A.V.   Had you read a novel?
• I.P.V.   Had a novel been read by you?
• I.A.V.   Had he not written books?
• I.P.V.   Had books not been written by him?
• I.A.V.   Had you not followed me?
• I.P.V.   Had I not been followed by you?

Rule 2 :- जब Active voice का वाक्य Wh-words (What, Where, How, Why, When) से शुरू होता है तो वाक्य का Passive voice बनाने के लिए वाक्य को Wh-word से ही शुरू करते है, उसके पश्चात Rule-1 के अनुसार परिवर्तन करते है-

Syntax :- Wh-word + had + Object (as subject) + been + Main verb_III + by + Subject (as object)?

Syntax :- Wh-word + had + Object (as subject) + not + been + Main verb_III + by + Subject (as object)?

• I.A.V.   Where had they seen the Taj mahal?
• I.P.V.   Where had the Taj mahal been seen by them?
• I.A.V.   Why had you achieved a bird?
• I.P.V.   Why had a bird been achieved by you?
• I.A.V.   Why had I not written a letter?
• I.P.V.   Why had a letter not been written by me?
• I.A.V.   Why had he not sung a song?
• I.P.V.   Why had a song not been sung by him?